ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Background: Obesity is a chronic disease and has become the most prevalent public health problem worldwide. The impact of obesity on knee is strong and the BMI is correlated with the different alterations. Aim: Compare surgical visualization of arthroscopic field in partial meniscectomy in obese and non-obese. Method: Sixty patients were selected, 30 obese and 30 non-obese who underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. The arthroscopic surgical procedures were recorded and analyzed. For the analysis of visualization was used the Johnson's classification (2000). Results: Were analyzed 48 men and 12 women, the average age was 42.9 years with BMI between 21.56 to 40.14 kg/m2. The distribution of visibility of the surgical field according to the classification was: grade 1 - 38/60 (63.3%); grade 2 - 13/60 (21.6%); grade 3 - 6/60 (10%); grade 4 - 3/60 (5%). Conclusion: Knee arthroscopy did not show a significant difference in the visibility of arthroscopic field in obese and non-obese patients. Thus, it should not be indicated as the preferred method of diagnostic evaluation of joint changes in these patients.
RESUMO Racional: A obesidade é doença crônica e tem se tornado o problema de saúde pública mais prevalente em todo mundo. O impacto dela no joelho é grande e o IMC está correlacionado com as diferentes alterações existentes. Objetivo: Comparar a visualização do campo videoartroscópico na meniscectomia parcial de joelho em pacientes obesos e não obesos. Método: Foram selecionados 60 pacientes, sendo 30 obesos e 30 não obesos que realizaram meniscectomia parcial videoartroscópica. Os procedimentos videoartroscópicos foram gravados e posteriormente analisados. Foi utilizada na análise a classificação de visibilidade do campo videoartroscópico de Johnson (2000). Resultados: Foram analisados 48 homens e 12 mulheres com idade média de 42,9 anos e IMC de 21,56 a 40,14 kg/m2. A distribuição da visibilidade do campo cirúrgico foi: grau 1 - 38/60 (63,3%); grau 2 - 13/60 (21,6%); grau 3 - 6/60 (10%); grau 4 - 3/60 (5%). Conclusão: A artroscopia de joelho não demonstrou diferença significativa quanto à visualização do campo videoartroscópico em pacientes obesos e não obesos. Desta forma, não deve ser indicada como método preferencial de avaliação diagnóstica das alterações articulares nesses pacientes.
ABSTRACT
Avaliar a estrutura microscópica e os aspectos microbiológicos de enxertos aórticos após conservação em Glicerol 98% e glicerina 0,2%. Estudo in-vitro de caráter intervencionista e randomizado com 32 enxertos de aorta de cobaias já sacrificadas. Estes enxertos foram divididos aleatoriamente em 02 grupos, GLU (Glutaraldeído 0,2%) e GLI (Glicerol 98%) de 16 segmentos vasculares cada e mantidos em conservação por 18 meses em temperatura ambiente. Para análise microbiológica foi utilizado coloração de Gram e cultura em ágar-sangue e a histológica a coloração de hematoxilina-eosina. Os resultados foram expressos por meio de frequências e percentuais. Tanto o glicerol, quanto o glutaraldeído, penetraram todas as camadas vasculares em 100% dos enxertos, desde o endotélio à túnica adventícia. As características celulares mantiveram-se nos 32 segmentos aórticos, com ausência de citólise ou autólise. Apenas 2 (6,25%) dos enxertos do grupo glutaraldeído apresentaram contaminação bacteriana. A solução de glutaraldeído 0,2% pode ser sugerida como um eficaz conservante para biopróteses, tanto quanto a já consagrada glicerina a 98%
To evaluate the microscopic structure and microbiological aspects of aortic grafts after preservation in 98% glycerol and 0.2% glycerol. This sutudy is In-vitro, interventionist and randomized with 32 grafts of the aorta of guinea pigs sacrificed already. These grafts were randomly divided into 02 groups, Glu (0.2% glutaraldehyde), and GLY (98% Glycerol) with 16 vascular segments each and kept in conservation for 18 months at ambient temperature. For microbiological analysis was used Gram stain and culture on blood agar and histological staining with hematoxylin-eosin. The results were expressed by means of percentage and frequency. Both the glycerol and the glutaraldehyde penetrated all vascular layers in 100% of the grafts from the endothelium to the tunica adventitia. The cell characteristics remained at 32 aortic segments, with the absence of cytolysis or autolysis. Only 2 (6.25%) graft of group glutaraldehyde showed bacterial contamination. The 0.2% glutaraldehyde solution can be suggested as an effective preservative for bioprostheses, as much 98% glycerin
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE: To fabricate a three-dimensional biomodels of intracranial aneurysms, using rapid prototyping technology, to facilitate optimal anatomical visualization of aneurysms prior to and during surgery. METHODS: Four intracranial aneurysms cases were selected for this study. Using CT angiography images, the rapid prototyping process was completed using a PolyJet technology machine. The size and morphology of the prototypes were compared to brain digital subtraction arteriography of the same patients. RESULTS: The biomodels reproduced the exact location and morphology of the intracranial aneurysms, particularly the necks, in life-size dimensions and exactly the same as measured by digital subtraction arteriography. The arterial segments adjacent to the aneurysm and arteries anatomically known by the surgeon were also shown, which could guide the surgeon to the aneurysmal segment. The models showed an average unit cost of US$ 130 and each one took an average of 20 hours to be fabricated. CONCLUSIONS: It is possible to fabricate 3D physical biomodels of intracranial aneurysms from CT angiography images. These prototypes may be useful in the surgical planning for intracranial aneurysms to clarify the anatomy, define surgical techniques and facilitate the choice of suitable materials, such as clips and clip appliers.